A.I. Burnasyan  FMBC clinical bulletin. 2023 № 2

 

N.A. Pashchenko, A.A. Zavialov, Kazakov V.F., A.I. Tyryshkin

Changes in the Microflora of the Oral Cavity and the Development of Oral Mucositis During
Systemic Antitumor Therapy in Patients with Malignant Neoplasms

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: Tyryshkin Aleksandr Igorevich: Voltaman98@mail.ru

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the problem of the relationship between the oral microflora and oral mucositis (OM) induced by systemic anti-tumour therapy in patients with malignant neoplasms (MN). The paper covers current views on the composition of the normal oral microbiota and its changes during chemotherapeutic treatment.

It is shown that normal oral microbiota includes representatives of such genera as Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Neisseria, Prevotella, Streptococcus, Veillonella and others. It is emphasized that even despite the existence of modern molecular genetic techniques and the formation of a database of oral microbiota, it is still difficult to determine the role of individual taxonomic units in oral homeostasis.

Existing studies of changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of oral microflora against the background of anticancer therapy have demonstrated that treatment is associated with significant changes in the oral microbiological landscape, namely increasing the number of Gram-negative anaerobic opportunistic pathogenic flora and decreasing representation of protective commensal flora. It is demonstrated that bacterial cell components can modulate local macroorganism reaction through the system of Toll-like receptors, thus acting multidirectionally.

A number of unresolved fundamental questions relating to the place of the oral microbiota in the pathogenesis of OM have also been highlighted.

Keywords: oral mucositis, oral microflora, oral dysbiosis, systemic anticancer therapy, neoplasia, chemotherapy

For citation: Pashchenko NA, Zavialov AA,  Kazakov VF. Tyryshkin AI. Changes in the Microflora of the Oral Cavity and the Development of Oral Mucositis During Systemic Antitumor Therapy in Patients with Malignant Neoplasm. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center Clinical Bulletin. 2023.2:18-22. (In Russian) DOI: 10.33266/2782-6430-2023-2-18-22

 

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 05.03.2023. Accepted for publication: 11.04.2023