A.I. Burnasyan  FMBC clinical bulletin. 2023 № 4

I.L. Efimova

At the Origins of Studying the Pathogenesis of Radiation Sickness

International Office, State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center

Contact person: Efimova Irina Leonidovna: irina19031@yandex.ru

Abstract
On June 29, 1946, on the initiative of E.I. Smirnov and A.I. Burnazyan, a radiation laboratory was organized in order to study the effect of radiation on the human body and develop possible means of treating and protecting humans from the effects of the radiation factor. 2 years later (1948), the Institute of Biophysics of the USSR Ministry of Health was created on its basis – one of the world’s largest scientific centers, where the formation and development of research in the field of radiobiology and radiation medicine, radiopharmaceuticals, and radiation hygiene took place.
One of the first employees, future academician, chief immunologist of the country R.V. Petrov called them “Pioneers in the search for the prevention and treatment of radiation injury.” “It was morally easy for us,” wrote Rem Viktorovich, “we created not destructive, but life-saving means. The radiation state was revered for its aerobatics.”
Specialists of the Institute of Biophysics made a significant contribution to the study of the pathogenesis and clinical picture of radiation sickness in animals and humans, the development of the fundamentals for the creation and synthesis of radioprotective drugs, means for the prevention and treatment of radiation injuries and their consequences, drugs that promote the accelerated removal of radioactive substances from the body, the development of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals , as well as personal protective equipment.

Keywords: biophysics, radiobiology, pathogenesis, radiation sickness, pathomorphology, microbiology, irradiation base, ionizing radiation, low doses, radiotoxicology

For citation: Efimova IL. At the Origins of Studying the Pathogenesis of Radiation Sickness. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center Clinical Bulletin. 2023;4:52-57 (In Russian). DOI: 10.33266/2782-6430-2023-4-52-57

 

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Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Article received: 24.11..2023.  Accepted for publication: 15.12.2023