A.I. BURNASYAN FMBC CLINICAL BULLETIN

ISSN 2782-6430 (print)

State Research Center −Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical
Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency

The journal is published in Russian.
Format – A4.
The periodicity of the journal is 4 times a year.

Issue №3, 2026

more

A.I. Burnasyan  FMBC clinical bulletin. 2026 № 3

Mavliev F.A.3, Rylova N.V.1,2

Relationship of Biochemical Markers with Aerobic Performance in Athletes

1National Center for Sports Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia

²International Office, State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russiа

3Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism, Kazan, Russia

Contact person: Rylova Natal’ya Victorovna: rilovanv@mail.ru

 

Abstract
Aim: to determine the role of amino acid and acylcarnitine profile in predicting maximum oxygen consumption in young athletes

Methods: liquid tandem chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed. The following indicators were recorded: concentrations of free and bound carnitine, as well as their ratio; the level of amino acids, including methionine, alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, citrulline, glutamic acid, glycine, ornithine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and valine; the profile of acylcarnitines, including acetylcarnitine (C2) and its share in the total pool of bound carnitine, as well as a range of short-, medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines (C3, C4, C5, C5-DC, C8, C14, C16, C16-OH).

To assess aerobic performance, the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max, ml/kg/min) was recorded using the Metalyzer 3b gas analysis system during a step-up exercise test on an Ebike cycle ergometer. The load was performed to failure.

Results: the study allowed to determine the key biochemical and anthropometric determinants of maximum oxygen consumption in young athletes. The construction of a single regression model for boys and girls was ineffective. Using the data obtained from young men, a highly accurate regression model (R² = 0.841) was developed, which includes four significant predictors: tyrosine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and acyl-carnitine C16:1OH. It should be noted that this model is applicable only to young male athletes of a similar age and specialization. Further validation on an independent sample is required to confirm its reliability and external validity.

Keywords: aerobic performance, biochemistry, carnitine, acylcarnitine, athletes

For citation: Mavliev FA, Rylova NV. Relationship of Biochemical Markers with Aerobic Performance in Athletes. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center Clinical Bulletin. 2026.3:14-18. (In Russian) DOI: 10.33266/2782-6430-2026-3-14-18

 

REFERENCES

  1. Saltin B., Astrand P.O. Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Athletes. Journal of Applied Physiology. 1967;23;3:353-358.
  2. Bassett D.R., Howley E.T. Limiting Factors for Maximum Oxygen Uptake and Determinants of Endurance Performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2000;32;1:70-84.
  3. Foster C., et al. Skeletal Muscle Enzyme Activity, Fiber Composition and O2 Max in Relation to Distance Running Performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 1978;39;2:73-80.
  4. Culbertson J., et al. Relationship of Various Body Composition Parameters Used for Predicting VO2max. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2008;5;1:12.
  5. La Gerche A., et al. Maximal Oxygen Consumption is Best Predicted by Measures of Cardiac Size Rather than Function in Healthy Adults. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2012;112;6:2139-2147.
  6. Mondal H., Mishra S. P. Effect of BMI, Body Fat Percentage and Fat Free Mass on Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Young Adults. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR. 2017;11;6:CC17.
  7. Lee H.A., et al. Development of Machine Learning Model for VO2max Estimation Using a Patch-Type Single-Lead ECG Monitoring Device in Lung Resection Candidates. Healthcare. MDPI. 2023;11;21:2863.
  8. Przednowek K., et al. Predictive Modeling of VO2max Based on 20 m Shuttle Run Test for Young Healthy People. Applied Sciences. 2018;8;11:2213.
  9. Grzebisz-Zatońska N. The Relationship between Inflammatory Factors, Hemoglobin, and VO2 Max in Male Amateur Long-Distance Cross-Country Skiers in the Preparation Period. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024;13;20:6122.
  10. Mancera-Soto E.M., et al. Hemoglobin Mass, Blood Volume and VO2max of Trained and Untrained Children and Adolescents Living at Different Altitudes. Frontiers in Physiology. 2022;13:892247.
  11. Constantini N.W., Dubnov G., Lebrun C.M. The Menstrual Cycle and Sport Performance. Clinics in Sports Medicine. 2005;24;2:e51-e82.
  12. Elorduy-Terrado A., et al. Evaluation the Impact of Hormonal Fluctuations during the Menstrual Cycle on the Performance of Female Athletes – Systematic Review. Muscles. 2025;4;2:15.
  13. Watson P. Tyrosine Supplementation: can this Amino Acid Boost Brain Dopamine and Improve Physical and Mental Performance. Sports Science Exchange. 2016;28;157:1-6.
  14. Koutlianos N., et al. Indirect Estimation of VO2max in Athletes by ACSM’s Equation: Valid or Not? Hippokratia. 2013;17; 2:136.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 04.03.2026. Accepted for publication: 28.03.20226

© 2026 Scientific journal - "Clinical Bulletin of the FMBС im. A.I. Burnasyan"
Scroll to Top